Integrating Stakeholder Participation in Energy-Efficient Building Refurbishment

Abstract

Germany's transition towards sustainable energy production and supply has not only spurred the development of innovative power supply concepts and significant grid expansions but has also set ambitious targets for integrating low and zero carbon technologies in residential buildings. This research project specifically examines the challenges and opportunities associated with energy-efficient refurbishment in apartment buildings that have a large number of flat owners. A key challenge in this context is the decision-making process within owner communities, which must reach a majority consensus before undertaking any major refurbishment, whether it be standard or energy-efficient. Given the financial implications and the long-term impact on living conditions, achieving this consensus is often difficult. The diverse interests and financial capacities within these heterogeneous ownership structures present a significant barrier to the implementation of energy-efficient refurbishments. To address this, the research proposes a participation framework coupled with a robust communication strategy tailored to this specific stakeholder group. The framework draws on insights from various disciplines, including acceptance research, psychology, Design Thinking, and communication studies, to ensure that all owners are effectively integrated into the planning process. The goal is to develop energy-efficient solutions that can gain broad support among owners. Based on this interdisciplinary framework and previous studies, the research formulates ten essential communication recommendations designed to facilitate a successful planning process. In addition to traditional communication tools, the framework emphasizes the importance of implementing relevant online activities to engage stakeholders. The use of Design Thinking principles allows for the early identification of the owners' needs and requirements, ensuring that these are reflected throughout the planning and decision-making process through customized solutions. The paper proposed framework and exploring innovative participation opportunities that could increase refurbishment rates in large apartment buildings with multiple owners, thereby contributing to Germany’s broader sustainability goals.