Sustainable Energy Solutions for Urban Residences in Australia through Hybrid Systems

Abstract

This paper explores the optimization process for sizing a hybrid renewable energy system designed for urban residential buildings in Australia. The renewable energy system in question combines solar photovoltaic panels and small-scale wind turbines. This hybrid system represents a sustainable and green alternative to the conventional electricity generation methods currently in use, which predominantly rely on fossil fuels, particularly coal burning. Such traditional methods are neither environmentally friendly nor sustainable. The proposed hybrid renewable energy system also includes battery racks for energy storage, ensuring that excess energy produced can be stored and used when needed, thereby enhancing the reliability and efficiency of the system. To simulate and evaluate the performance of the hybrid system, the study employs HOMER software, developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in the USA. This software is specifically designed for modeling and optimizing renewable energy systems. The optimization process relies heavily on an economic analysis method known as Net Present Cost analysis. NPC is a critical metric that helps in determining the cost-effectiveness of the energy system over its lifespan. The analysis aims to identify the system configuration that offers the highest energy production, optimal efficiency, and the lowest NPC. This involves considering various combinations of solar PV and wind energy to achieve the best economic and environmental outcomes. The study provides detailed conclusions and recommendations based on the optimization results. These recommendations take into account factors such as the number of occupants in the residential buildings and their corresponding electrical consumption patterns. By analyzing different scenarios of energy consumption and production, the study identifies the most effective combinations of solar and wind energy systems that can meet the energy demands of urban residential buildings in Armidale. One of the key findings is that a balanced combination of solar PV and wind turbines, supported by adequate battery storage, can significantly reduce reliance on fossil fuels and lower overall energy costs for residential buildings. The hybrid system not only offers a sustainable solution but also enhances energy security and reduces greenhouse gas emissions. Policymakers and urban planners are encouraged to consider these findings to promote the adoption of green energy solutions, ultimately contributing to a more sustainable and resilient energy future.